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Antidiabetics
GLYGIMET-SR 500MG TAB
SALT COMPOSITION
METFORMIN HCL SR 500MGTYPE
TABLET
STORAGE
Store GLYGIMET-SR 500MG TAB below 30°C, in a cool and dry place. Protect from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep this and all medicines out of the sight and reach of children.
PRODUCT INTRODUCTION
GLYGIMET-SR 500MG TAB is an oral antidiabetic medication primarily used to manage Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Containing Metformin Hydrochloride in a sustained-release (SR) formulation, it helps to lower elevated blood glucose levels by reducing glucose production in the liver, decreasing glucose absorption from the intestines, and improving the body's sensitivity to insulin. This sustained-release form ensures a gradual and consistent release of the active ingredient, leading to more stable blood sugar control throughout the day and potentially fewer gastrointestinal side effects. It is an essential component of diabetes management, often prescribed alongside diet and exercise for optimal results.
Uses of GLYGIMET-SR 500MG TAB
GLYGIMET-SR 500MG TAB is widely used for the treatment and management of various conditions, primarily focusing on blood sugar regulation.
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
GLYGIMET-SR 500MG is indicated for improving glycemic control in adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. It is often prescribed as a first-line treatment, especially for overweight or obese patients, when diet and exercise alone are insufficient. It helps to lower both fasting and post-meal blood sugar levels, contributing to better long-term diabetes management and reducing the risk of associated complications.
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
While not its primary indication, Metformin is frequently used off-label to manage symptoms of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). It helps to improve insulin resistance, a common underlying factor in PCOS, which can lead to irregular periods, excessive hair growth, and difficulty conceiving. By improving insulin sensitivity, Metformin can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve fertility outcomes in women with PCOS.
- Prediabetes (Prevention)
In certain high-risk individuals with prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance), Metformin may be prescribed to reduce the risk of progression to full-blown Type 2 Diabetes. This is typically considered for individuals who are obese and have a history of gestational diabetes or a strong family history of diabetes. It works by improving glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity, thereby delaying or preventing the onset of diabetes.
Side Effects of GLYGIMET-SR 500MG TAB
Like all medicines, GLYGIMET-SR 500MG can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them. Most side effects are mild and temporary.
Common side effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Metallic taste in mouth
While rare, some side effects can be serious and require immediate medical attention.
- Lactic acidosis (a serious metabolic complication)
- Vitamin B12 deficiency (with long-term use)
- Skin rash or itching
If you experience any severe or persistent side effects, or symptoms of lactic acidosis (e.g., severe tiredness, muscle pain, difficulty breathing), seek urgent medical advice.
How to use GLYGIMET-SR 500MG TAB
- Adults:
The usual starting dose for GLYGIMET-SR 500MG is one tablet once daily with the evening meal. The dose may be gradually increased by your doctor based on blood glucose response and tolerability, typically in increments of 500 mg weekly, up to a maximum of 2000 mg once daily. Tablets should be swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed.
- Children:
GLYGIMET-SR 500MG is generally not recommended for children under 10 years of age. For adolescents (10-17 years) with Type 2 Diabetes, the dosage should be determined by a specialist, starting with a lower dose and gradually titrating. Always consult a pediatrician for appropriate dosing.
- Elderly:
In elderly patients, GLYGIMET-SR 500MG should be initiated with caution, usually at a lower starting dose, due to the potential for decreased renal function. Regular monitoring of kidney function is crucial, and dose adjustments may be necessary to minimize the risk of side effects, particularly lactic acidosis.
- Missed Dose:
If you miss a dose of GLYGIMET-SR 500MG, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this can increase the risk of side effects.
How GLYGIMET-SR 500MG TAB works
Metformin, the active ingredient in GLYGIMET-SR 500MG, belongs to the biguanide class of antidiabetic agents. Its primary mechanism of action involves reducing hepatic glucose production, mainly by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in the liver. This significantly lowers the amount of glucose released into the bloodstream, especially during fasting states. Additionally, Metformin enhances insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, such as muscle and fat cells, allowing them to absorb and utilize glucose more effectively from the blood. It also modestly decreases glucose absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. The sustained-release formulation of GLYGIMET-SR ensures a prolonged therapeutic effect, maintaining steady drug levels and contributing to better glycemic control with potentially reduced dosing frequency and improved tolerability.
Precautions
- Inform your doctor about any kidney or liver problems before starting treatment.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption while taking this medicine due to increased risk of lactic acidosis.
- Discontinue GLYGIMET-SR 500MG temporarily before any surgical procedures or imaging tests involving iodinated contrast agents.
- Monitor Vitamin B12 levels periodically, especially with long-term use, as Metformin can reduce its absorption.
- Stay well-hydrated, especially during illness, to prevent dehydration which can increase lactic acidosis risk.
- Report any symptoms of lactic acidosis (e.g., unusual muscle pain, trouble breathing, stomach discomfort) immediately.
Safety Advice
Alcohol
UNSAFEConsumption of alcohol with GLYGIMET-SR 500MG is unsafe. Alcohol can increase the risk of lactic acidosis, a rare but serious side effect of Metformin. It can also affect blood sugar levels, making diabetes management more difficult.
Pregnancy
CONSULT YOUR DOCTORGLYGIMET-SR 500MG should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed and after consulting your doctor. Your doctor will weigh the benefits against potential risks and may recommend alternative treatments or insulin therapy for managing gestational diabetes.
Breastfeeding
CONSULT YOUR DOCTORSmall amounts of Metformin may pass into breast milk. It is advisable to consult your doctor before breastfeeding while taking GLYGIMET-SR 500MG. Your doctor will assess the potential risks to the infant versus the benefits to the mother.
Driving
SAFEGLYGIMET-SR 500MG generally does not affect your ability to drive or operate machinery, as it typically does not cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) when used alone. However, if combined with other antidiabetic medications, monitor for signs of low blood sugar.
Kidney
CAUTIONGLYGIMET-SR 500MG should be used with caution in patients with kidney disease. It is contraindicated in severe renal impairment due to the increased risk of lactic acidosis. Dose adjustments are necessary for moderate renal impairment, and regular kidney function monitoring is essential.
Liver
CAUTIONUse GLYGIMET-SR 500MG with caution in patients with liver disease. Impaired liver function can increase the risk of lactic acidosis as the liver plays a role in Metformin metabolism. Regular monitoring of liver function tests may be advised by your doctor.
Fact Box
Frequently asked questions by patients
Q: How long does GLYGIMET-SR 500MG take to show its effect?
A: GLYGIMET-SR 500MG starts working to lower blood sugar levels within a few hours of the first dose. However, the full therapeutic effects and optimal blood glucose control may take several days to weeks to become apparent as your body adjusts to the medication and the dose is titrated.
Q: Can I stop taking GLYGIMET-SR 500MG if my blood sugar levels are normal?
A: No, you should not stop taking GLYGIMET-SR 500MG without consulting your doctor, even if your blood sugar levels appear normal. Stopping the medication abruptly can lead to a rebound increase in blood glucose. Diabetes is a chronic condition, and continuous management is crucial.
Q: What foods should I avoid while on GLYGIMET-SR 500MG?
A: While there are no specific foods to strictly avoid, it's important to follow a balanced diet recommended for diabetes management. Limit high-sugar foods, refined carbohydrates, and unhealthy fats. Regular meal timing and portion control are also vital for effective blood sugar control.
Q: Is GLYGIMET-SR 500MG safe for long-term use?
A: Yes, GLYGIMET-SR 500MG (Metformin) is generally considered safe and effective for long-term use in managing Type 2 Diabetes. Regular monitoring of kidney function and Vitamin B12 levels is recommended during extended therapy to identify and address any potential complications.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is GLYGIMET-SR 500MG used for?
GLYGIMET-SR 500MG is primarily used to treat Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in adults. It helps to lower high blood sugar levels by reducing glucose production in the liver, decreasing glucose absorption from the gut, and improving the body's response to insulin. It may also be used off-label for conditions like Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
Q: How should I take GLYGIMET-SR 500MG?
You should take GLYGIMET-SR 500MG exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Typically, it is taken once daily with the evening meal. Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water; do not crush, chew, or break it. Consistent timing helps maintain stable blood sugar levels.
Q: What are the common side effects of GLYGIMET-SR 500MG?
Common side effects include gastrointestinal issues like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and a metallic taste in the mouth. These effects are often mild and tend to subside as your body adjusts to the medication, especially with the sustained-release formulation. Taking it with food can also help reduce these symptoms.
Q: Can GLYGIMET-SR 500MG cause weight loss?
While GLYGIMET-SR 500MG is not a weight-loss drug, some patients, particularly those who are overweight or obese, may experience modest weight loss or stabilization while taking it. This effect is thought to be due to its impact on appetite and metabolism, making it a favorable choice for diabetic patients with weight concerns.
Q: Is GLYGIMET-SR 500MG safe for kidney patients?
GLYGIMET-SR 500MG should be used with caution in patients with kidney impairment and is contraindicated in severe kidney disease. Your doctor will assess your kidney function before prescribing and may adjust the dose or choose an alternative medication if your kidney function is compromised, due to the risk of lactic acidosis.
Additional Information
GLYGIMET-SR 500MG TAB, with its Metformin Hydrochloride sustained-release formulation, stands as a cornerstone in the effective management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. By targeting multiple pathways involved in glucose regulation, it aids in achieving stable blood sugar levels, thereby mitigating the long-term complications associated with diabetes. Its sustained-release nature offers the benefit of once-daily dosing and improved gastrointestinal tolerability for many patients, enhancing adherence to therapy. Beyond diabetes, its utility in conditions like PCOS further highlights its versatility in metabolic health. However, the success of GLYGIMET-SR 500MG is maximized when integrated with a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular physical activity. It is crucial for patients to adhere strictly to their physician's instructions regarding dosage, administration, and monitoring. Regular follow-ups with a healthcare provider are essential to assess treatment efficacy, monitor for potential side effects, and make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan. Always consult your doctor for personalized medical advice and to ensure safe and effective use of this medication.